Prime now 6.95% from 7.20%: BoC reduces its benchmark interest rate to 4.75%
Today, the Bank of Canada reduced its overnight policy interest rate by 0.25% to 4.75%. This welcome and widely expected decision comes on the heels of evidence pointing to a deceleration of the rate of inflation.
SUMMARY:
The “overnight rate” being quoted is the rate that Banks borrow from each other at, not consumer Prime, which is confusing.
Canadian Consumer Prime has just been reduced from 7.20% to 6.95% – this only affects Variable Rate mortgages.
Fixed rates remain unchanged because they track the Canadian Mortgage Bond Rates which are different, and similar.
There has also been about 40 “silent” fixed rate reductions of o.o5% each in 2024 that the press did not cover.
Mortgage Mark Herman, Top best Calgary Alberta mortgage broker specializing in 1st time buyers
Below we examine the Bank’s rationale for this move by summarizing its observations below, including its all-important outlook comments that are sure to shape market expectations for the remainder of the year.
Canadian inflation
- Inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) eased further in April to 2.7%
- The Bank’s preferred measures of core inflation also slowed and three-month indicators suggest continued downward momentum
- Indicators of the breadth of price increases across components of the CPI have moved down further and are near their historical average, however, shelter price inflation remains high
Canadian economic performance and housing
- Economic growth resumed in the first quarter of 2024 after stalling in the second half of last year
- At 1.7%, first-quarter GDP growth was slower than the Bank previously forecast with weaker inventory investment dampening activity
- Consumption growth was solid at about 3%, and business investment and housing activity also increased
- Labour market data show Canadian businesses continue to hire, although employment has been growing at a slower pace than the working-age population
- Wage pressures remain but look to be moderating gradually
- Overall, recent data suggest the economy is still operating in excess supply
Global economic performance and bond yields
- The global economy grew by about 3% in the first quarter of 2024, broadly in line with the Bank’s April Monetary Policy Report projection
- The U.S. economy expanded more slowly than was expected, as weakness in exports and inventories weighed on activity
- In the euro area, activity picked up in the first quarter of 2024 while China’s economy was also stronger in the first quarter, buoyed by exports and industrial production, although domestic demand remained weak
- Inflation in most advanced economies continues to ease, although progress towards price stability is “bumpy” and is proceeding at different speeds across regions
- Oil prices have averaged close to the Bank’s assumptions, and financial conditions are little changed since April
Summary comments and outlook
The Bank cited continued evidence that underlying inflation is easing for its decision to change its policy interest rate. More specifically, it said that “monetary policy no longer needs to be as restrictive.”
Also welcome was the Bank’s statement that “recent data” have “increased our confidence that inflation will continue to move towards” its 2% target.
However, it also added this to its outlook: “Nonetheless, risks to the inflation outlook remain. Governing Council is closely watching the evolution of core inflation and remains particularly focused on the balance between demand and supply in the economy, inflation expectations, wage growth, and corporate pricing behaviour.”
And has it has been doing for some time, it said the Bank “remains resolute in its commitment to restoring price stability for Canadians.”
Next up
The Bank returns on July 24th with its next monetary policy announcement – I think they will do another 0.25% reduction at the next meeting and they will continue to reduce at every meeting for the next 3 meetings this year.
Current Risks to the Canadian Mortgage Market? May 15th, 2024
Summary:
May 21, 2024 is when the inflation a report comes out and it should be the determining factor if the Canadian PRIME RATE of INTEREST is reduced from 7.2% in June or not. Maybe July. Maybe later.
Nobody is buying anything big right now, which is the idea … to reduce inflation.
Which means now is the best time to buy a home before everyone waiting for rates to drop jumps in on the 1st Prime rate reduction.
Says Mortgage Mark Herman, Calgary Alberta best/ top/ mortgage broker for first time home buyers
DATA:
Mortgage holders have been anxiously waiting for the Bank of Canada to cut interest rates. The increase of 90,400 jobs in April – 5 times what analysts expected – has heightened concerns that the Bank will continue to wait before lowering rates. 🙁
While the economy has not slowed as much as expected, there’s growing economic slack, with the jobless rate up 1 percentage point over the past year and a 24% year-over-year increase in the number of unemployed individuals, which is slowing down wage growth. The crucial factor in determining whether a rate cut will occur in June or be postponed to later this year hinges on the April CPI release scheduled for May 21st.
In the background of these deliberations, the Bank of Canada also assesses various potential risks to the economy. Last week, the Bank released its Financial Stability Report, highlighting two key risks: debt serviceability and asset valuations.
The report notes that the share of mortgage holders who are behind on their credit cards and auto loan payments, which had hit historic lows during the pandemic, has now returned to more normal levels. It also notes that smaller mortgage lenders are seeing an uptick in credit arrears. This increase isn’t surprising, given the run up in rates and the market segment that these lenders cater to. While the arrears rate is up, it remains relatively low compared to historical levels.
This overall positive portfolio performance is due to two key factors: 1) financial flexibility and 2) employment.
Canadian mortgage defaults tend to spike up during periods of rising unemployment. While the unemployment rate has risen, it remains relatively low. Additionally, mortgagors are holding higher levels of liquid assets. Before the pandemic, homeowners with a mortgage held 1.2 months of liquid reserves, which increased to 2.2 months during the pandemic and has since fallen to 1.8 months. These increased reserves provide a solid buffer for mortgagors to meet unexpected increases in expenses.
The Bank remains concerned that nearly half of all outstanding mortgages have yet to be renewed, leaving these borrowers at risk of payment shock due to the increase in interest rates. Scotiabank is an interesting case because, unlike other banks, it offers adjustable-rate mortgages (ARM) with variable payments instead of variable rate mortgages with fixed payments. Scotia has seen its 90+ days past due rate increase from 0.09% to 0.16%. During their fourth-quarter earnings call, Scotia noted that ARM borrowers have been cutting back on discretionary spending by 11% year-over-year, compared to a 5% reduction among fixed-rate clients.
The mortgage maturity profile in the Financial Stability Report suggests that we could see significant slowing in consumer discretionary spending over the next two years. While the rise in debt-servicing costs will be partially offset by income growth, we should expect to see belt tightening by mortgage holders. This poses less of a risk to the banking sector mortgage market than to the overall outlook for the economy.
Divorce & Mortgage Buy-Out Details, Canada, May 2024
Important data for separating / divorcing partners, this may help with “Buying the ex-spouse out” of a divorce, when some debts need to be rolled in.
The way most lawyers and Big-6 banks do it:
as a refinance, max loan is 80% of the appraised value of the home,
and you get refi rates – the highest – today:
- 3 year fixed 5.76%, 5 year fixed 5.59%
and usually NO debts can be rolled into the mortgage past that 80% of the home value.
with OUR WAY/ Broker way…
we do it as “a purchase after marital breakdown” which allows
max loan of 95% LTV (of the home value) – which usually makes ALL THE DIFFERENCE in a buyout situation.
- BEST RATES again: 3 year fixed 5.39%, 5 year fixed 4.99%
and usually Most/ All/ some debts can be rolled into the mortgage – at no extra cost, depending on your lending ratios.
Data from a similar file –
As long as the deal IS insurable (meaning it conforms to CMHC rules and guidelines) to get that lower rate – actually 0.6% LOWER as of today – then we need an offer to purchase too. Most lawyers do not want also write an “offer to purchase,”
If the Big-6 bank is doing it as a conventional refinance then an offer to purchase is not needed.
Banks don’t have substantially different rates for insurable and conventional like we do. (o.4 to o.9% rate difference makes a huge difference.)
So yes, we can get a separation done without an Offer to Purchase as long as at least 20% of the value stays in the home and we use refinance rates at 0.6% higher than broker best rates today.
Considering customers will leave us for 0.05% and this is 0.6% – that is >10x multiple of what customers consider “worth leaving us for” this is an important way to get divorce deals to work better for everyone.
Mortgage Mark Herman, top/ best Calgary Alberta Mortgage Broker
Bank of Canada Leaves Prime the Same, April 2024
As Expected, No change in Bank of Canada benchmark interest rate for April 2024.
As noted in August 2023, the 1st Prime Rate reduction is expected in July and then Prime should come down at o.25% every 90 days so … 1 quarter percent reduction, every calandar quarter, for the next 2 years.
Mortgage Mark Herman, best top Calgary Alberta mortgage broker.
Today, the Bank of Canada announced it is keeping its benchmark interest rate at 5.0%, unchanged from July of 2023. However, much has changed in the economy and in the world since then. For evidence, we parsed today’s announcement and present a summary of the Bank’s key observations below.
Canadian Inflation
- CPI inflation slowed to 2.8% in February, with easing in price pressures becoming more broad-based across goods and services. However, shelter price inflation is still very elevated, driven by growth in rent and mortgage interest costs
- Core measures of inflation, which had been running around 3.5%, slowed to just over 3% in February, and 3-month annualized rates are suggesting downward momentum
- The Bank expects CPI inflation to be close to 3% during the first half of 2024, move below 2.5% in the second half, and reach the 2% inflation target in 2025
Canadian Economic Performance and Housing
- Economic growth stalled in the second half of last year and the economy moved into excess supply
- A broad range of indicators suggest that labour market conditions continue to ease. Employment has been growing more slowly than the working-age population and the unemployment rate has risen gradually, reaching 6.1% in March. There are some recent signs that wage pressures are moderating
- Economic growth is forecast to pick up in 2024. This largely reflects both strong population growth and a recovery in spending by households
- Residential investment is strengthening, responding to continued robust demand for housing
- The contribution to growth from spending by governments has also increased. Business investment is projected to recover gradually after considerable weakness in the second half of last year. The Bank expects exports to continue to grow solidly through 2024
- Overall, the Bank forecasts GDP growth of 1.5% in 2024, 2.2% in 2025, and 1.9% in 2026. The strengthening economy will gradually absorb excess supply through 2025 and into 2026
Global Economic Performance and Bond Yields
- The Bank expects the global economy to continue growing at a rate of about 3%, with inflation in most advanced economies easing gradually
- The US economy has “again proven stronger than anticipated, buoyed by resilient consumption and robust business and government spending.” US GDP growth is expected to slow in the second half of this year, but remain stronger than forecast in January
- The euro area is projected to gradually recover from current weak growth. Global oil prices have moved up, averaging about $5 higher than the Bank assumed in its January Monetary Policy Report
- Since January, bond yields have increased but, with narrower corporate credit spreads and sharply higher equity markets, overall financial conditions have eased
- The Bank has revised up its forecast for global GDP growth to 2.75% in 2024 and about 3% in 2025 and 2026
- Inflation continues to slow across most advanced economies, although progress will likely be bumpy. Inflation rates are projected to reach central bank targets in 2025
Outlook
Based on the outlook, Governing Council said it decided to hold the Bank’s policy rate at 5% and to continue to “normalize” the Bank’s balance sheet. It also noted that while inflation is still too high and risks remain, CPI and core inflation have eased further in recent months.
The Council said it will be looking for evidence that this downward momentum is sustained. Governing Council is particularly watching the “evolution of core inflation,” and continues to focus on the balance between demand and supply in the economy, inflation expectations, wage growth, and corporate pricing behaviour.
As it has said consistently over the past year, the Bank will remain “resolute in its commitment to restoring price stability for Canadians.”
Next Touchpoint
On June 5th, 2024, the Bank returns with another monetary policy announcement and economists are already lining up with predictions of a rate cut either then or in July.
Net Migration to Alberta – #’s here.
the CORE reason home prices in Calgary will be going up for the next 4 years, and are 100% supported and will not be coming down is summed up in this article right here.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/alberta-population-records-2023-to-2024-data-1.7157110
Summary of the Main Reasons Home Prices are Supported:
- BC and Ontario home prices are DOUBLE Calgary home prices
- 4 million New Canadians on the way here in the next 5 years.
- We hatched the largest 20 – 29 year old population Canada has EVER had, and they are moving out of their parent’s basements and buying their own homes.
- Alberta does NOT have PST
- Alberta does not have a 1% “welcome to the neighborhood tax” when buying property.
After researching the above data points we can confidently say all 5 of these stacked factors will cause home prices to increase is all price ranges for the next few years.
Mortgage Mark Herman, licensed as a top Alberta Mortgage Broker for 21 years and 1 year in BC
Why Buy Your Home Today: Data Points, Alberta, Winter, 2024
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Acceptable Sources of Down Payment for a home Canada, 2024
This seems to be the topic of this week … what can I use for down payment on my home?
All banks DO ACCEPT these approved methods to gather down payment for a home.
Acceptable Sources of Down Payment:
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Ineligible Sources of Down Payment
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The new Tax-Free First Home Savings Account (FHSA) and the
FTHBI – First Time Home Buyer Incentive were the government matches your down payment up to 5% ARE both great ideas!
Mortgage Mark Herman, top Calgary Alberta Mortgage Broker since 2004!
The End of Prime Rate Increases, January, 2024, Canada
Horray, today The Bank of Canada didn’t just put rate hikes on the back burner today; it unplugged the stove!
The Bank is now “confident enough” that inflation is on the right track to not publicly dwell on rate hike risk any longer. That was today’s message from Senior Deputy Governor Carolyn Rogers after the BoC left its overnight rate at 5%.
Instead, the Bank says it’s now shifting its focus to “how long” the overnight rate needs to marinate “at the current level.”
Summary:
No more increases to the Canadian Prime Rate of Interest – at 7.2% today, after 10 increases in 2023.
Back in August I said Prime should start to come down in June – still the best guess – and
will come down by o.25% every 3 months, so one-quarter-percent decrease every calendar / fiscal quarter (3 months)
for a total of 2% less than today so … Prime should end up at 5.2% in 30 months, which is June 2026.
Mortgage Mark Herman, top Calgary Alberta and BC mortgage broker
“We need to give these higher interest rates time to do their work,” Macklem said, offering no clues on how long he’ll let the rate hike stew simmer. The forward market thinks it’ll take another 4 – 6 months. Historically, rates have plateaued at peak levels for anywhere from a few months to 17 months. So far, it’s been only 6.
The Bank says that higher rates can’t be completely ruled out, but it’s very rare for the Bank of Canada to hike a bunch, pause 5+ months, hike more, pause 5+ months more, and then hike again.
Canadian Mortgage Data – Nov 14
There has been a little relief for mortgage shoppers in recent days.
- Fixed-rates have come down slightly, led by declining yields for government bonds.
- Variable-rate mortgages appear to be maintaining their discounts and most market watchers believe the Bank of Canada has reached the top of this rate-hiking cycle.
The Bank, however, continues to warn that Canadians should be preparing for interest rates to remain higher for longer. Senior Deputy Governor Carolyn Rogers made that point again during a recent speech in Vancouver, saying it is important to adjust proactively to that possibility. Rogers cited a number of global considerations for higher rates including: China and other developing nations joining the worldwide economy; a decline in attractive investment opportunities for businesses; and an overall, international, adjustment to higher rates.
It is also useful to remember that central banks around the world have been working to normalize interest rates that have been at historic lows since the 2008 financial crisis.
Rogers offered some reassurance that Canadians are adjusting to higher rates. Household credit growth has dropped to its slowest pace since the early ’90s. Delinquency rates on credit cards and other consumer loans are only slightly above pre-pandemic levels. Mortgage delinquencies are below pre-pandemic levels, and that is despite about 40% of all mortgage holders having already renewed at higher rates, with bigger payments.
As to when interest rates might actually start falling? The BoC’s Q3 survey of “Market Participants” suggests they are adjusting to the higher-for-longer scenario. Based on the median response they are expecting a quarter point drop in April, 2024. That is a month later than expectations expressed in the Bank’s Q2 survey.
Finally some good news for buyers.
Buy soon before everyone that did not buy sees this data and tries to by tool
Mortgage Mark Herman – top, best Calgary mortgage broker
Data on those negative amortization mortgages
Queston 1: What about all these (negative amortizing) mortgages that will now take 71 years to pay off?
Answer:
Yes, they are called VRMs – Variable rate Mortgages – and we don’t really offer/sell /even talk about them for that exact reason – what if the rates rates jump? And they did.
We do offer ARMs – Adjustable Rate Mortgage – and we do recommend as of August 2023 because:
- Rates have topped and are slowly on the way down right now so the rate will go down
- The current rate starts lower than the 1, 2, 3, and 4 year fixed right now; and ARM rates should be below the 5-year fixed by Fall of 2024.
Question 2: What is the difference between VRM and ARM?
- With an ARM – adjustable rate mortgage – the amount of your payment will go up and down based on the changes of the prime lending rate
- The VRM – Variable rate mortgage – your mortgage payment amount always remains the same. It does not go up and down with changes in the prime lending rate. And when rates jump to 4x what they were when your loan started, then you are not even paying interest any more, and end up at 70 years left to pay it off.
As the article below states, VRMs are mostly from BMO, CIBC, Royal Bank and TD.
ARMs – Adjustable rate mortgages – are what we offer, they can’t have a negative amortiztion and we don’t have any customers that were affected with negative loans.
Mortgage Mark Herman, best top Calgary mortgage broker
Concern over rise in negative amortization mortgages
On October 30th, the Bank also highlighted concern over negatively amortizing mortgages. Negative amortization occurs when a borrower’s monthly mortgage payment is less than the interest due on the loan and the outstanding mortgage balance grows over time rather than declining. This phenomenon is mostly associated with variable rate mortgages.
Those who bought or refinanced homes during the pandemic, when interest rates were at their lowest, heavily opted for variable rate mortgages (VRMs). In Canada, most VRMs come with fixed payments, where the interest portion is determined by the prevailing prime lending rate, while the rest is used to repay the principal. As a result, the Bank of Canada’s series of rate hikes – from 0.25% to 5% – has propelled growth in negative amortization mortgages with terms exceeding 30 years.
As of July 31, negative amortization mortgages were 24% of total mortgage portfolios (insured and uninsured) for BMO, CIBC, Royal and TD. This is equivalent to $277 billion in mortgages – up from virtually nil a year ago. National and Scotia mainly offer adjustable-rate mortgages – as rates change the mortgage payment changes to keep the amortization period fixed – so both banks have negligible exposure to negative amortization within their mortgage portfolios.
Variable Rate Exposure (as of July 31, 2023)
Source: Fitch Ratings
Canada’s banking regulator, the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OFSI), has announced regulatory changes to address risks related to mortgages in negative amortization. Effective early next year, banks will be required to maintain a higher amount of capital, reflecting the elevated risk associated with mortgages in negative amortization when the loan-to-value ratio (LTV) surpasses 65% (i.e. when the outstanding mortgage balance is 65% or more of the value of the underlying property). The proposed changes are designed to incentivize banks to reduce the volume of mortgages that could potentially go into negative amortization.
Mortgage repayment trends
To assess how borrowers are reacting to the increase in rates, the prepayment report for floating rate 5-year mortgage-backed securities (MBS) pools, published by CMHC, serves as a valuable tool. Although it doesn’t pinpoint individual issuers, the report offers a comprehensive look at trends within the banks’ variable-rate mortgage (VRM) portfolio.
Report data indicates that borrowers with VRMs have been effectively managing impacts of rising rates by making partial principal payments or transitioning to fixed-rate mortgages. Enforcement activity, which is undertaken when a borrower is unable to make mortgage payments, has been minimal, which suggests that despite the rise in rates, defaults have remained low.
Also, the majority of non-amortizing mortgages, where payments are covering interest only, were recorded between November 2022 and February 2023. This is a positive sign that banks have taken measures to limit the growth of these mortgages.
One caution is around borrowers whose mortgage rates have exceeded the trigger point – that is, the rate at which the regular payment is no longer enough to cover the full amount of interest accrued since the last payment. These borrowers might encounter payment shock when their loans mature and are re-underwritten based on the original amortization but at higher rates and with larger principal amounts.
Those who were first-time homebuyers with high loan-to-value ratios, purchasing at or close to peak prices in 2020 or 2021, could face significant challenges during renewal, particularly if their equity position has been significantly eroded. Similar to Fitch, we anticipate that delinquency rates will not rise in 2024, remaining within the expected range of 0.2-0.25%.